Wearable systems having remotely positioned vision redirection

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure relates to cantilevered imaging modality wearable optical systems that provide for optimal ergonomics coupled with vision enhancement and vision magnification. Methods of use, devices, and kits are also contemplated.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to Israel Patent Application No.244255, filed Feb. 23, 2016, the contents of which are herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to wearable optical devices that comprisean imaging modality that is remotely positioned from the eyes of a userthat redirect and optionally magnify the vision of a user.

BACKGROUND

A loupe is a known magnification device that, unlike a conventionalmagnifying glass, is typically devoid of a handle and, therefore,requires the lens body to be supported or otherwise grasped by, forexample, the user's hand. However, for professionals such as surgeons,dentists, veterinarians and jewelers, this can be problematic, sinceboth hands are typically required when working.

Loupes are widely used for magnifying a work area during precision worksuch as surgery, dental work, electronics work, and assembly ofminiature parts. Typically, a pair of loupes are provided that may bemounted to an eyeglass frame or headband. Loupes combine the longworking distance of the telescope with the high quality magnification ofa microscope. This type of optical instrument provides the user with amagnified field of view at a predetermined distance. The mountingassemblies used in typical loupes provide a variety of degrees offreedom for the user, for example, by way of adjusting interpupillarydistance and arranging the eyeglass frame in a specific orientation onthe user's head.

Although a wide range of adjustments increases flexibility, manipulationof the user's body outside of an optimal ergonomic orientation isgenerally required. For example, a user such as a dentist is required tobend at the lower and upper back, and neck, and prolonged eye tiltingoutside of the natural meridian coupled with intense focus to view theoptics to provide an optimal viewing angle for a procedure. Evenutilizing the latest in so-called “ergonomic” loupes, this bodilycontortion and eye focus strain are required. In addition, other medicaland industrial professionals, in addition to laymen performingrecreational and/or routine tasks often have to assume a back or neckcontorted posture to assume an optimal viewing angle of something orsome task. Such postures cause strain in the head, neck, and other areasleading to accelerated fatigue and overuse injuries, especially if sucha posture is required for prolonged periods of time. The magnitude ofthe ergonomic problem in the health care fields due to poor ergonomicsis staggering. For instance, in the dental field alone, over 90% ofdentists and dental hygienists experience some form of back, neck,and/or shoulder pain. The epidemic is estimated to cost Americans, asone example, of over $50 Billion per year.

As such, there exists a need to provide ergonomically-optimal highquality magnification for users performing precision work or othertasks. The present disclosure addresses these and other needs in theart.

SUMMARY

In frequent embodiments, a wearable optical system is providedcomprising: a user wearable frame comprising a display that is viewableby a user via a horizontal optical path, wherein the user wearable frameis adapted to be worn on the head of a user; and a support attached tothe user wearable frame, wherein the support comprises an imagingmodality positioned on the support at a horizontal distance “D” from thefront of the head of the user and directed in a work area optical pathdownward relative to the horizontal optical path, and wherein theimaging modality is in optical communication with the display, whereinthe vision redirecting mechanism or the viewing portion magnifies animage passed through the work area optical path, and wherein the imageis provided for viewing on the display and an image stabilization isprovided for the imaging modality or the image.

In also often included embodiments, a wearable optical system isprovided comprising: a user wearable frame comprising a display that isviewable by a user via a horizontal optical path, wherein the userwearable frame is adapted to be worn on the head of a user; and asupport attached to the user wearable frame, wherein the supportcomprises an imaging modality positioned on the support at a horizontaldistance of between about 4 inches to about 15 inches from the front ofthe head of the user and directed in a work area optical path downwardrelative to the horizontal optical path, and wherein the imagingmodality is in optical communication with the display, wherein thevision redirecting mechanism or the viewing portion magnifies an imagepassed through the work area optical path, wherein the imaging modalityis configured for manual or automated movement between one or moredifferent positions on the support and/or the support is configured tobe retractable relative to the user wearable frame, and wherein theimage is provided for viewing on the display and an image stabilizationis provided for the imaging modality or the image.

Often, D is between about 5 inches and 20 inches. Also often, D is at orabout 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,20, 21, 22, 24, or 24 inches. Often, D is at or between about 4 inchesand 15 inches. Also often, D is between at or about 4 inches and 9inches. Also often, D is at or between about 5 inches and 10 inches.Frequently in the included embodiments, D is measured from the locationof the display.

In often included embodiments the support is removably attached to theuser wearable frame. Also often, the imaging modality is comprised in acart movably positioned on the support. In frequent embodiments, thecart is configured for manual or automated movement between one or moredifferent positions on the support. In certain often includedembodiments, two or more supports are attached to the user wearableframe, wherein each of the two or more supports comprises an imagingmodality. Often one or more of these supports is/are removable from theuser wearable frame. Often, two or more supports are attached to theuser wearable frame, wherein the imaging modality is attached betweentwo or more of the supports, and wherein the attachment of the imagingmodality between the two or more is a movable or fixed attachment. Infrequent embodiments the user wearable frame and the support arecomprised in a single unit. In often included embodiments, the supportis retractable relative to the user wearable frame such that, whenretracted, the distance D is decreased or eliminated. Also often, eachof the two or more supports is retractable relative to the user wearableframe such that, when retracted, the distance D is decreased oreliminated. In frequent embodiments, the support or attachment thereofto the user wearable frame is configured for positional adjustment ofthe support between one or more different horizontally angled orvertically angled positions.

Frequently, the electronic image stabilization comprises optical ordigital image stabilization. In the most frequent embodimentscontemplated herein the image modality comprises a camera. Often, thecamera is configured to rotate vertically within a plane below thehorizontal optical path and/or is configured to rotate laterallyrelative to the plane. Also often, the configuration to rotate comprisesautomated rotation or manual rotation. In certain frequent embodiments,the imaging modality is weighted to orient the imaging modality in apredetermined vertical angle relative to the horizontal optical path.Frequently, this orientation is provided while the support or devicemoves such that minor movements of the user do not alter or negativelyaffect the positioning of the work are optical path. Often, thepredetermined vertical angle is at or about 90°. Also often, thepredetermined vertical angle is between at or about 75° and 110°. Often,the predetermined angle is between at or about 80° and 100°, or betweenat or about 85° to 95°. In certain embodiments, the imaging modalitycomprises one or more weighted rods. Also, in certain embodiments, ahousing, lens, or lens cover of the imaging modality is weighted. Often,the system comprises a tracking algorithm to orient the work siteoptical path to a predetermined location. Also often, the system isconfigured to provide automated tracking and work site optical pathcentering or focus on a predetermined location.

In certain frequent embodiments, one or more functions of the system arecontrolled by the movement of an eye, an eyelid, or part of an eye ofthe subject wearing the device. Also in frequent embodiments, one ormore functions of the system are controlled by voice command. In certainfrequent embodiments, one or more functions of the system are controlledby voice command and/or controlled by the movement of an eye, an eyelid,or part of an eye of the subject wearing the device.

In often included embodiments, the one or more functions comprisesaltering an optical or a digital focus of the imaging modality ordisplay, movement of a focus of the imaging modality or display,movement of the imaging modality, an actuation of a light source forillumination of a work area, capture or upload of an image or video,switching an application or an active software program of the display,actuation of a smart glass feature of the system, turn the system off,actuating a voice or a touch control, sending or receiving informationor a notification to or from a remote location, initiating a powersource alteration or hot swap, movement of a cart comprising the imagingmodality on the support, movement of the support, or actuating theimaging modality to a use position or a storage position.

Also in frequent embodiments, the imaging modality is configured formovement relative to the support between a use position and a storageposition. Often, the storage position is located within a housing of thesupport.

Also in frequent embodiments, the system further comprises a lightsource configured for illuminating at least a portion of the work areaoptical path such that the image provided for viewing on the display isilluminated. Often, the system further comprises a power sourceconfigured to power the system or a component thereof. Frequently, thepower source is positioned on or attached to the user wearable frame.Often, the power source comprises a rechargeable battery. Also often,the power source comprises a battery comprising a rechargeable batteryor a non-rechargeable battery and the system is configured to hot swapthe battery.

In certain frequent embodiments, a kit is provided comprising thewearable optical system, a light source, materials or information forfitting or adjusting the user wearable frame, materials or informationfor installing or adjusting the support or imaging modality, and abattery.

In certain embodiments, a wearable optical system is provided,comprising: a user wearable frame comprising a centered viewing portionthat is viewable by a user via a horizontal optical path; and a visionredirecting mechanism comprised in a manipulatable imaging extension,defining a work area optical path in optical communication with theviewing portion, the horizontal optical path and the work area opticalpath being different optical paths and the work area optical path isoriented downward at an angle relative to the horizontal optical path,wherein the vision redirecting mechanism or the viewing portionmagnifies an image passed through the work area optical path. Also, infrequent embodiments, a wearable optical system is provided comprising:a user wearable spectacle frame or visor; a centered display supportedby the frame; and a divergent view camera oriented between about 45° toabout 90° below horizontal and comprised in a manipulatable imagingextension and in data connection with the display. In often includedembodiments, a wearable optical system is provided comprising: a userwearable spectacle frame or visor; a centered display supported by theframe wherein the display comprises inner and outer portions, and theouter portion comprises electrochromic smart glass; and a divergent viewcamera comprised in a manipulatable imaging extension and in dataconnection with the display.

In generally included embodiments, the vision redirecting mechanism is acantilevered vision directing mechanism. Also often, the viewing portionis comprised in a lens supported by the frame. Frequently, the userwearable frame is adapted to be worn on the head of a user. The viewingportion generally comprises a display. And, the display often comprisesan inner surface and an outer surface and the outer surface compriseselectrochromic smart glass. Often the display comprises electrochromicsmart glass, suspended particle smart glass, liquid crystal smart glass,or nano smart glass. In certain embodiments, the vision redirectingmechanism is a camera supported by the user wearable frame and thecamera comprises a 180° camera, a 360° camera, or a machine visionequipped or capable camera. Most frequently, the imaging magnificationcomprises between about 1.0× to 5.0× magnification of the image, orbetween about 1.0× to 10.0× magnification of the image. In certainembodiments, the imaging magnification comprises between about 10.0× to400.0× of the image.

Also in frequent embodiments, a wearable optical system is providedcomprising: a user wearable frame; a centered display supported by theframe; and a cantilevered camera supported by the frame in dataconnection with the display. In certain embodiments, a wearable opticalsystem is provided comprising: a user wearable frame comprising aviewing portion defining a horizontal optical path for the user; and avision redirecting mechanism that redirects the horizontal optical pathto a second optical path defined by a different angle versus thehorizontal optical path, wherein the vision redirecting mechanismmagnifies an image passed through the second optical path and thehorizontal optical path.

Often, the frame comprises an eyeglass frame. Generally, the systemfurther comprises a light source. The light source emits a light signalthat is coextensive with an optical path of the imaging modality, orcoaxially oriented with the image of the work area. Most frequently, theimaging modality is oriented downward relative to the frame. Often, thesystem is comprised in a dental operatory system. Also often, the systemis in data communication with imaging software or a medical apparatus.

In frequent embodiments of the devices and systems described herein, theimaging modality and/or display is/are voice-controlled. Alsofrequently, the system is in wireless data communication with imagingsoftware, a laboratory information system, a medical apparatus, and/oran insurance efiling system. In certain embodiments, the imagingmodality and/or display is/are remote controlled by the user. Often, theremote control is comprised in a user hand-held tool or device. Alsooften, the system is used as equivalent to an intraoral camera orextraoral camera for medical or insurance purposes. In frequentembodiments, the display is adapted to provide an image of a written orverbal communication from a remote location. Also frequently, thedisplay is adapted to provide an image from a device or camerapositioned remotely to the device. In the most frequent embodiments, thedevice is connected or connectable with a remote database for accessingor storing images.

In often included embodiments, a method of improving workflow in adental office, comprising: donning a system by a user, the systemcomprising a user wearable frame comprising a centered viewing portionthat is viewable by a user via a horizontal optical path; and a visionredirecting mechanism comprised in a manipulatable imaging extension anddefining a work area optical path in optical communication with theviewing portion, the horizontal optical path and the work area opticalpath being different optical paths, wherein the vision redirectingmechanism or the viewing portion magnifies an image passed through thework area optical path; imaging a work area with the system; andtransmitting data comprising or related to the image to a remotelocation; or sending or receiving real-time data related to the workflowof the dental office from or to the user.

Generally, the imaging modality or vision redirecting mechanism iscantilevered or comprised in or attached to an imaging extension. Such avision directing mechanism or imaging modality is frequently a camera.The term “cantilevered,” among others, is defined herein.

Often, optical communication comprises data transmission of an imageobtained by a camera comprised in the vision redirecting mechanism tothe viewing portion. The imaging modality and/or display is frequentlyin data communication with a database and an imaging software. Often,the data communication or data connection is a wireless data connection,frequently selected from the group consisting of WPAN/Bluetooth,Coexistence, High Rate WPAN, Low Rate WPAN, mesh Networking, Body AreaNetworks, WiFi, WiMax, RFID, and/or Visible Light Communication.

In frequent embodiments, the viewing portion comprises a display. Often,the display comprises an inner surface and an outer surface and theouter surface comprises smart glass. In frequent embodiments, thedisplay comprises smart glass. The smart glass often comprises a smartglass technology selected from electrochromic smart glass, photochromicsmart glass, suspended particle smart glass, liquid crystal smart glass,or nano smart glass. Often, the frame comprises an eyeglass frame. Thedisplay is often comprised in an eyeglass lens positioned in the frame.Most frequently, the system further comprising a light source. Often,the light source emits a light signal that is coextensive or coaxiallyoriented with an optical path of the imaging modality at the position ofa work area.

Also frequently, the imaging modality is oriented downward relative tothe frame. Often, the imaging modality is oriented between about 70° toabout 110° below horizontal. In certain embodiments, the angle isbetween 80° to 120° below horizontal. In certain embodiments, the angleis between 85° to 95° below horizontal. In certain embodiments, theangle is between 70° to 90° below horizontal. In certain embodiments,the angle is between 60° to 90° below horizontal. In certainembodiments, the angle is about 90° below horizontal. In certainembodiments, the angle is between 60° to 90° below horizontal. Incertain embodiments, the angle is between 70° to 90° below horizontal.In certain embodiments, the angle is between 80° to 90° belowhorizontal. In certain embodiments, the angle is between 46° to 75°below horizontal. In certain embodiments, the angle is between 47° to88° below horizontal. In certain embodiments, the angle is between 55°to 78° below horizontal. Most frequently, “horizontal” refers to a“horizontal optical path” as that phrase is defined herein.

Often, the imaging modality or vision redirecting mechanism comprises acamera. In certain embodiments, the camera comprises a 180° HD camera.In certain embodiments, the camera comprises a 360° HD camera. Often,imaging modality communicates between about 1.0× to 5.0× magnificationof a work area to the display. Also often, the imaging modalitycommunicates between about 1.0× to 10.0× magnification of a work area tothe display. In certain embodiments, the imaging modality communicatesbetween about 10.0× to 400.0× magnification of a work area to thedisplay. In certain embodiments, the imaging modality communicatesbetween about 5.0× to 40.0× magnification of a work area to the display.In certain embodiments, the imaging modality communicates between about5.0× to 30.0× magnification of a work area to the display. In certainembodiments, the imaging modality communicates between about 5.0× to20.0× magnification of a work area to the display. In certainembodiments, the imaging modality communicates between about 3.0× to10.0× magnification of a work area to the display. Optical zoom and/ordigital zoom technology is often used to provide magnification.

The system is often comprised in a dental operatory system. In frequentembodiments, the device is in data communication with imaging softwareor medical apparatus. Often, the device is in wireless datacommunication (e.g., WPAN/Bluetooth, Coexistence, High Rate WPAN, LowRate WPAN, mesh Networking, Body Area Networks, WiFi, WiMax, RFID, otherwireless networks, Visible Light Communication, etc.) with imagingsoftware, a laboratory information system, a medical apparatus, and/oran insurance efiling system. The medical apparatus is often any medicalapparatus capable of or adaptable to be in data communication (wired orwireless) with the devices or systems contemplated herein. In certainembodiments, the medical apparatus comprises a dental crown millingmachine, or inlay, only, crown, or veneer machine.

The imaging modality, display, and/or viewing portion is/are oftenvoice-controlled. Voice control often controls data import and dataexport. In certain embodiments, the voice control is provided in amanner that permits the user to perform voice-to-text commands oroperations. Often, a microphone is provided in the system or device toassist with voice control and such a microphone is positionable orpositioned in close proximity to the mouth of the user while the systemis worn by the user and in operation.

In frequent embodiments, the display and/or viewing portion comprisesinner and outer portions, and the outer portion comprises a smart glassshading technology (“smart glass technology” is often referred to hereinas smart glass for simplicity). Often, the smart glass shadingtechnology is controlled by voice-command or remote actuation by theuser. Often, the smart glass technology comprises electrochromic smartglass, photochromic smart glass, suspended particle smart glass, liquidcrystal smart glass, or nano smart glass technology.

In frequent embodiments, the imaging modality, display, and/or viewingportion is/are remote controlled by the user. Often, the remote controlis comprised in a user hand-held tool or device. In certain embodiments,the remote control is positioned in a dental mirror. In certainembodiments, the remote control is positioned on the body of the user orin another location where the remote control can be controlled by theuser or another person. In certain embodiments, system or devicecontrols are positioned on the system or device, for example, on theframe or housing of the system or device. In certain embodiments, atouchpad is provided on the system or device for operation of system ordevice controls. The touch device is, in certain frequent embodiments,equipped to provide haptic input and/or output information relative totouch-based use by the user.

In frequent embodiments, the device is used as equivalent to anintraoral camera or extraoral camera for medical or insurance purposes.Often, the display is adapted to provide an image of a writtencommunication from a remote location. Also often, the display is adaptedto provide an image from a device or camera positioned remotely to thedevice. In frequent embodiments, the device is connected with a remotedatabase for accessing or storing images. In certain frequentembodiments, a dental system is provided comprising a wearable opticaldevice described herein claim in data communication with a storagedatabase and imaging software.

In certain embodiments, a tracking algorithm, software, or firmware isincluded with the system. Also, in certain embodiments, the imagingmodality is adapted to provide visual tracking to focus on a work areain an automated manner. Often, in such embodiments, the trackingcomprises identification of a feature of a work area or identifier suchas a fiducial or other marker to identify a portion or a boundary of awork area. In certain related embodiments, the imaging modality orhousing for the imaging modality is weighted such that the camera isoriented in a specific manner within a degree of movement or wobble ofthe device or cantilever. So, if the device or head of the user isrotated or moved in a certain direction, the relative angulation of thecamera toward the work area is not affected or stays relatively stableand directed at and maintaining a line of sight to the work area. Often,the work area is a mouth or surgical site of a subject.

Methods of using wearable optical devices described herein are alsofrequently provided. In frequent embodiments, the methods involveimproving the posture or ergonomic positioning of the user. Devicesdescribed herein are directed toward, inter alia, improving theergonomic environment of the user.

In frequent embodiments, the support comprises an eyeglass frame, facemask, helmet, a headband and visor device, or apparatus otherwiseadapted to be worn on the head of a user, or an apparatus adapted to beworn within the line of vision of a user. Often, the device furtherincludes a light source such as an LED light source, a tungsten halogenlight, a plasma arc curing light, and/or a laser. Often the light sourceis attached to the support or the housing. Often, the light source emitsa light signal that is coextensive with the first or second path of theoptical path. Also often, the light source emits a light signal in thevisible spectrum, though dental curing lights, ultraviolet, and laserlights are also often incorporated in certain embodiments. In general,the light source is incorporated in a manner that reduces or eliminatesshadowing on a work area or at the end of the focal length. Frequently,the optical path defines a focal length. In certain embodiments, theangle of the second path of the optical path is adjustably variablerelative to the angle of the first path of the optical path.

Most frequently, the frame or head attachment portion is adapted to bepositioned on a head of a user. In frequent embodiments, the headattachment portion is adjustable to be tightened or loosened. Tighteningand loosening is provided to adapt the head attachment portion to fit aspecific user of the device to that it may be worn by the user in asecurely attached manner. Also in frequent embodiments, the devicecomprises a protective shield or a protective coating on a shield, orother portion of the device, lying within a light path between the userand the work area.

Also frequently, the devices described herein further comprise a lightsource for illuminating a work area. Often, the light source emits alight signal that is coextensive with the first or second direction ofthe light (e.g., optical path). Also often, the light source emits alight signal in the visible spectrum, though dental curing lights,ultraviolet, and laser lights are also often incorporated in certainembodiments.

Often, the device further comprises a power source. Often, the powersource comprises a battery. Less frequently, the power source isconnected using an external cord. Often, the power source comprises aremovable battery. Frequently, the power source is positioned on thehead attachment portion. Also frequently, the power source isrechargeable. Often, the power source is operated using a switchpositioned on the device. Also often, the switch is a capacitive sensor.

The device or system often comprises a speaker (e.g., in an ear-piece)and/or a microphone for reception and transmission of an auditoryinformation such as a communication or a signal. Often, thecommunication or signal cues the device or system to display or transmitan image. Also often, the communication or signal cues another device tobegin, modify, or cease operation, or to do something in particular suchas transmit data. The other device is often a remote device, for examplea remote device within or remote from a dental or surgical operatory ora work area. As used herein, the term “data” encompasses auditoryinformation.

The device or system is often utilized in the jewelry trade, geology,gemology, watchmaking, photography, laboratory technicians, collectors,printing, dentistry, surgery, biology, chemistry, education,meteoritics, electronics, manufacturing, fabrication, tattooing,ophthalmology, dermatology, reading, drone operation, writing, lawenforcement or military, home images or videography, and/or professionalvideography.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, certainillustrative aspects are described herein in connection with thefollowing description and the annexed drawings. These aspects areindicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which theprinciples of the claimed subject matter may be employed and the claimedsubject matter is intended to include all such aspects and theirequivalents. Other advantages and novel features may become apparentfrom the following detailed description when considered in conjunctionwith the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 depicts a seated person and an exemplary optical path alterationwearing a device of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 depicts a side view of an exemplary vision re-directing device.

FIG. 3 depicts a side view of another exemplary vision re-directingdevice.

FIG. 4A depicts a plan view of the bottom, looking up, of a portion ofthe imaging extension of the device of FIG. 3.

FIG. 4B depicts a side view of a portion of another exemplary imagingextension embodiment.

FIG. 5 depicts a side view of a portion of another exemplary imagingextension embodiment another exemplary imaging modality.

FIG. 6 depicts a front view of another vision re-directing deviceembodiment.

FIG. 7 depicts a rear view of an exemplary vision re-directing deviceembodiment.

FIG. 8 depicts a rear view of another exemplary vision re-directingdevice embodiment.

FIG. 9 depicts a bottom view of another exemplary embodiment of aportion of cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 10 depicts a side view of another exemplary embodiment of portionof a cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 11 depicts a bottom view of another exemplary embodiment of portionof a cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 12 depicts a side view of another exemplary embodiment of a portionof cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 13 depicts a side view of another exemplary embodiment of a portionof cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 14 depicts a side view of another exemplary embodiment of a portionof cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 15 depicts a side view of another exemplary embodiment of a portionof cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 16 depicts a side view of another exemplary embodiment of a portionof cantilevered imaging extension.

FIG. 17A depicts a bottom view of an exemplary imaging modalityincluding a camera and light sources.

FIG. 17B depicts a bottom view of another exemplary imaging modalityincluding multiple cameras and light sources.

FIG. 18 depicts a top view of another exemplary device of the presentdisclosure, showing an exemplary power source location.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The features of the presently disclosed solution may be economicallymolded or assembled by using one or more distinct parts and associatedcomponents which, may be assembled together for removable or integralapplication.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as is commonly understood by one of ordinary skillin the art to which this disclosure belongs. In some cases, terms withcommonly understood meanings are defined herein for clarity and/or forready reference, and the inclusion of such definitions herein should notnecessarily be construed to represent a substantial difference over whatis generally understood in the art. If a definition set forth in thissection is contrary to or otherwise inconsistent with a definition setforth in the patents, application, published applications and otherpublications that are herein incorporated by reference, the definitionset forth in this section prevails over the definition that isincorporated herein by reference.

All patents, applications, published applications and other publicationsreferred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety, orthe specific reason for which they are cited.

As used herein, “a” or “an” means “at least one” or “one or more.”

As used herein, the term “and/or” may mean “and,” it may mean “or,” itmay mean “exclusive-or,” it may mean “one,” it may mean “some, but notall,” it may mean “neither,” and/or it may mean “both.” As used hereinthe term “or” is not exclusive of the term “and.”

The use of the term “embodiment” means that a particular feature,structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodimentis included in at least one embodiment of described subject matter. Assuch, the appearance of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in anembodiment” throughout the present disclosure is not necessarilyreferring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features,structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner inone or more embodiments.

As used herein, “user” refers to an animal, including, but not limitedto, a primate (e.g., human). Generally, a “user” refers to a personwearing, in the process of donning, and/or operating a system or devicedescribed herein.

As used herein, “work area” refers to an area, object, or thing to beviewed by a user, or a portion thereof; most frequently using thedevices of the present disclosure. In frequent embodiments, the workarea comprises a mouth or surgical site of a subject.

As used herein, “line of sight” or “line of vision” refers to a view ofa work area by a user. Line of sight may also be referred to as theshortest distance between an eye of a user assuming an ergonomicallycorrect posture and a work area while accounting for any equipment wornby the user intended to re-direct the vision of the user. For example,equipment worn by the user intended to re-direct the vision of the user(e.g., devices described herein) may cause the line of sight to have alonger distance than a direct line between the eye of the user and thework area by virtue of the vision of the user being directed through theequipment, for example, cantilevered imaging modalities.

As used herein, “imaging extension” refers to a forward extendingportion of the present devices that supports and positions an imagingmodality at a selected distance (e.g., depicted as distance “D” or “D′”)in front, or forward, of the head (including parts thereof) of a user ofthe devices or a portion of the device supporting the imaging extension.An imaging extension is intended to include at least a support and animaging modality. An imaging extension is most frequently cantilevered.

As used herein, “imaging modality” refers to imaging such as digitalimaging utilizing a sensor or camera or other device capable ofcapturing images (including videos and/or other representations ordepictions, including 3D images, or digital images) of a work area.Machine vision capable, equipped, or connected cameras are contemplated.HD-capable or high/enhanced-pixel count capable cameras, and the likeare often preferred.

As used herein, “system” refers to an optical device of the presentdisclosure optionally in addition to hardware, software, firmware,and/or other components (e.g., a camera) in optical, data, and/orauditory communication with the optical device.

As used herein “cantilevered” refers to physical positioning of animaging modality or imaging extension in a manner that provides orenhances the ability of a user of the device to assume a properergonomic posture. In general, “cantilevered” refers to positioning theimaging modality extended in front, or forward, of the head (includingparts thereof, such as the eyes, forehead, or face) of the user (e.g.,depicted as distance “D” or “D′” in certain depicted embodiments). Acantilevered imaging modality (e.g., camera), for example, ispositioned, and may optionally adjust, on a horizontal and/or verticalplane extending forward from the user so that optimal ergonomicpositioning and optimal viewing of the work area may occur. For clarity,the term “cantilevered” is not intended to refer to any specific orparticular physical or structural manner, arrangement, or placement ofan imaging modality and is intended merely to refer to the nature of thepositioning.

As used herein, “optical path” refers to a straight path through whichan image is transmitted, e.g., to a user.

As used herein, “optical communication” refers to communication of animage along an optical path, or between two or more different opticalpaths. Optical communication of an image (e.g., a work area) can bethrough lenses, mirrors, prisms, or transmitted through electronic meanssuch as a digital camera, electronic data transmission (including wiredor wireless communication), and display of the image. For example,optical communication may refer to two optical paths that intersect(e.g., a work area optical path and a horizontal optical path), ortransmitting an image from one optical path (e.g., a work area opticalpath) to a display or second optical path (e.g., horizontal opticalpath), or other communication of an image.

As used herein “magnify,” “magnifies,” magnification,” and “magnifying”refers to enlarging an image, e.g., versus naked eyesight when viewed ata certain distance.

As used herein, “viewing portion” refers to a portion of an opticaldevice of the present disclosure viewed or viewable by a user whenwearing the optical device, such as a lens, mirror, screen, display, orother portion or area of, or defined by, the device. For ease ofreference the viewing portion is often referred to herein as a“display.” As such, both “viewing portion” and “display” encompassnear-eye and other head-mounted digital displays and user-viewablerelated viewable technology capable of displaying still and movingimages and streaming video. Generally, such a viewing portion isviewable when the user is looking directly ahead, e.g., via a horizontaloptical path.

As used herein, “horizontal optical path” refers to the optical pathfrom an eye of a user looking straight out in an “eyes-centered”orientation, for example, as depicted in aspect 2 of FIG. 1. Thehorizontal optical path, generally, bisects an upper, lower, and lateralvisual planes.

As used herein, “work area optical path” refers to an optical path witha “work area” being one end-point of the optical path. According to thepresent disclosure, the work area optical path is generally in opticalcommunication with a horizontal optical path, display, or viewingportion. Using devices of the present disclosure the work area opticalpath often comprises the line of sight, defined herein.

As used herein, “eyes-centered” refers a median or natural meridian andlongitude orientation of the pupil of an eye of a user. For context,often an “eyes centered” position is understood herein to be opposed toan eye position where the user is looking down or up. A “centeredviewing portion” or “centered display” refers to a viewing portion ordisplay that is viewable by a user via a horizontal optical path or whenthe viewer assumes an eyes-centered orientation. Displays and viewingportions contemplated in systems and devices herein are generallycentered displays or centered viewing portions.

As used herein, “user wearable” refers to a device to be worn by a user.Most typically, user wearable refers to a device or system to be worn,at least in part, on the head of a subject.

The present disclosure provides devices that permit the user to assumean ergonomically correct, upright posture while not compromising visualacuity or magnification. When donning optical loupes there is a tendencyto bend at the neck, back, and/or shoulders to move closer to the workarea. Also often, assuming such a contorted posture is dictated by thefocal length of the chosen magnifying mechanism. The user must bend andmove within the focal length of the chosen loupe, e.g., typically 15-18inches. Bending at the pelvis, neck, or with pelvis and neck causesexcessive strain on the human body, particularly the back, neck, andshoulders. When conducting repetitive movements or movements thatrequire moving a person's head up and down or simply maintaining headweight in a static position while bent at the neck and/or pelvis such asthose required in common dental, examination, and surgical procedures,these strains are magnified over time.

According to the present disclosure, in the case of a dental procedureas one exemplary use, traditional seating arrangements can be maintainedfor both the patient and the subject while permitting the user to sit ina neutral position with a straight back and neck, thus reducing fatigueand strain. The optical devices described herein not only permit, butoften require, the user to sit properly upright in order to maintain theproper optical pathway to the work area. In certain embodiments, theangulation of vision redirection is adjustable such that the posture ofthe user may vary from an upright or reclined position to a bent-forwardposition or the device may be placed at other locations on the head orbody of the user. For example, if a horizontal line of sight ismaintained, the optical device focuses the vision of the user at anoptimal angle and focal length toward the work area. Bending down at theneck or back by the user would frequently inhibit this optimal angle andconsequent view of the work area.

Though medical procedures are described or contemplated herein such asgeneral and specific in-office or operating room surgical procedures anddental procedures that benefit from a magnified view of a work area, avariety of additional usages for the technologies described herein arecontemplated. For example, the jewelry trade, geology, gemology,watchmaking, laboratory technicians, photography, collectors, printing,dentistry, surgery, biology, chemistry, education, meteoritics,electronics, manufacturing, maintenance, research, fabrication,tattooing, ophthalmology, dermatology, reading, writing, law enforcementor military, home images or videography, and/or professionalvideography, among a variety of other usage areas. The imagingmodalities described herein, for example, have significant utility inthe media and entertainment arenas.

In one example, readers and users of mobile devices often have to bendtheir heads downward to view the page or screen. Often, such peopledesire to or must wear reading glasses to do so. This may beparticularly true for mobile device users as mobile devices continue tohave increasingly higher resolutions, permitting increasing amounts ofinformation on a small screen. The present devices permit such people toview papers, books, devices or other things without having to assume anergonomically awkward position by bending downward at all. For example,according to the present devices and methods, a user can relax in anairplane seat with their head comfortably resting against the headrest,looking forward, having a book comfortably lying in their lap inprivacy, and having their arms comfortably resting at their side, whilehaving full view of the book on their lap. In addition, mobile deviceusers can, for example, view video, or read on their mobile device whilesitting anywhere in this comfortable manner. Including magnificationlevels appropriate for corrective vision, reading or viewinghigh-definition mobile device screens is contemplated. In certainembodiments, the magnification of the devices is linked to the screenresolution of the mobile device to provide optimal magnification tocomfortably view items displayed on the mobile device screen.

The present devices also ease eye strain. Prior devices require the userto move their eyes to face downward (e.g., declination of the eye ordeclination angle) to view through a downward angled loupe. In contrast,the present devices permit the user to assume a comfortable eyeposition, looking forward (e.g., horizontally forward) rather thandownward while being able to clearly view a work area positioned belowthe eye level of the user.

FIG. 1 depicts a person (1) in a seated position looking horizontallyforward (2) with a straight neck, shoulders, and back. In thisdepiction, the person 1 is wearing an exemplary device 17 of the presentdisclosure having a support 13 and an imaging modality 11. Angle (4)defines an angulation of the optical path (3) to permit the person (1)to see object (5) without having to bend at the neck, shoulders, or backwhile continuing to look forward. Distance “D” is depicted asrepresentative of the horizontal positioning distance of the imagingmodality 11 relative to the front of the eyes of the person 1 or theframe 17 of device/system worn by the user. Distance “D′” is depicted asrepresentative of the maximum travel movement provided for the imagingmodality 11 on support 13. In embodiments where imaging modality 11 isnot movable or adjustable on support 11, distance D and distance D′ arethe same. Distance D is generally at least a few inches, most frequentlyabout or more than 5 inches, and often preferably longer.

With further regard to FIG. 1, object 5 often comprises a work area andtherefore may be an object, person, or anything else that is viewableusing the devices/systems of the present disclosure. In this exemplarydepiction, the angle 4 is about 90°. As can be seen, object 5 isviewable from a vertical position through a device 17 worn by theperson, while the person maintains an ergonomically correct position(e.g., straight neck, back, relaxed shoulders, and level head) despitethe person 1 sitting back and away from the object 5. As is indicated,and is the case for all embodiments described herein, optical path 3from the imaging modality 11 toward the work area (object 5) does notextend from the naked eye of person 1, but instead is situated tobegin/end having one end at distance D and the other end at a work areaor object 5. Optical path 3 from imaging modality 11 is not directlyviewable by the person 1 absent the imaging modality cantilevered atdistance D. In the depicted embodiment, as in the most frequentembodiments described herein, this horizontal positioning distance D isprovided by way of a cantilevered imaging modality, cantilevered on asupport comprising an imaging extension. As described herein, distance Dcan be variable. For example, in frequent embodiments, distance D rangesfrom 4-24 inches.

The devices of the present disclosure includes a light source forilluminating a work area. LED light sources are frequently provided. Oneor more lights may be provided each having variable or differentstrengths, positions, or angulations. Often, the light emits a lightsignal in the visible spectrum, though other light sources arecontemplated having additional functionality, such as curing resins andcomposites, activating photosensitive materials present in the workarea, or deactivating photosensitive materials present in the work area.As such, a different or an additional light source can be incorporatedin the same or different location on the device or cantileveredextension thereof such as an ultraviolet light, a quartz-halogen light,a laser, a plasma arc curing light, an LED light, or other light knownin the art. Regardless of the light source on the device, if the useroperates a light source whose emissions may injure the eyes of the user,it is often important to include a shield or smart glass technology thatprotects the user's eyes from such emissions. A removable or movableshield may be provided on or with the device, or smart glass thatprovides a blockage or reduction of damaging light from passing throughto the user. In embodiments where the display prohibits sighttherethrough, the signal passed through to the user from the camera(e.g., 180° or 360° camera) frequently protects the eyes of the user byblocking incoming damaging light and only passing through a filtered andnondamaging signal to the display.

High accuracy of the illumination signal direction to match the locationof the imaging or work area that is being viewed through the imagingmodality is often provided. In dental applications, for instance, havingthe light signal (also referred to as illumination signal) closely matchthe optical path provides both accurate imaging and less discomfort forthe patient. In such circumstances the light signal from the deviceoften will not extend outside of the work area viewed through theoptical path to encompass the eyes of the patient. In addition,effective and specific lighting provided by the device obviates the needfor overhead lights in the dental studio or operatory, which can also beuncomfortable for patients. Shadowing produced by an ineffectivelyoriented illumination source can cause difficulties in imaging dark orshrouded areas such as within the mouth of a patient. As such, thepresent devices avoid shadow production with the orientation of theillumination signal as coextensive with the optical path. Often, suchcoextensive or coaxial orientation of the illumination signal isprovided at the same or similar angle as the viewing angle.

A variety of magnification levels are contemplated for the presentlydescribed optical devices. For example, the device often imparts betweenabout 1.0× to about 8.0× magnification. Often the magnification level is0.5×, 1.0×, 2.0×, 3.0×, 4.0×, 5.0×, 6.0×, 7.0×, 8.0×, 9.0×, or 10.0×.Enhanced magnification levels may often be achieved through, forexample, the use of a high-definition (HD) camera and digital zoomtechnologies to provide magnification well beyond 10.0× magnification,for example, about 20×, 30×, 40×, 50×, 60×, 70×, 80×, 90×, or 100×undeteriorated magnification. Optical zoom technologies are also oftenemployed to provide an undeteriorated image. In certain embodiments,magnification of up to about 150×, 200×, 250×, 300×, 350×, or 400× isprovided using an HD camera, optical, and/or digital zoom. Often, themagnification level of an optical device is selected based on theoptical loupe for which it is intended to attach to provide the same orgreater level of magnification provided by the optical loupe, most oftenalong a longer focal length.

Frequently, assuming a proper ergonomic posture is mandated through theuse of optical devices of the present disclosure. In such embodiments,the user achieves an optimal viewing angle of a work area while keepingtheir head upright and looking forward. Simply looking forward throughthe optical device provides an angulation of the line of sight of theuser around an optic axis downward toward the work area.

For devices described herein, proper angulation of the line of sight isoften dictated by the body type of the user, including accounting forarm length, torso length, neck length, head height, etc.; in additionthe relative distance of the work area from the head of the user may beevaluated. In general, angulation of the line of sight varies betweenabout 80 degrees to about 90 degrees versus a horizontal line of sight.Often, the angulation is about 70 degrees to about 110 degrees. Alsooften, the angulation is about 90 degrees. The angulation is often about70, about 75, about 80, about 85, about 90, about 95, about 100, about105, about 110 degrees versus a horizontal line of sight. As theincrements above are listed in 5 degree increments, it is expected thatthe use of the term “about” refers to an angulation variability thataccounts for the specifically listed degree in addition to the rangebetween degree increments.

Adjusting focal lengths versus the focal length of an existing opticalloupe is occasionally necessary due to the further distance of the userfrom the work area when used in an ergonomically correct position. Assuch, in certain embodiments this lengthened focal length is achieved byway of an additional magnification, for example a lens, which isprovided in the optical device. Where an existing focal length is 18inches, for example, the focal length may be lengthened by, for example,6-20 inches, or 10-30 inches to provide a focal length of between 24inches and 48 inches. The focal length often varies between about 18inches to 60 inches. The focal length may be longer. As such, the focallength will generally increase by a certain determinable factor, whichcould be about 1.0×, about 1.1×, about 1.2×, about 1.3×, about 1.4×,about 1.5×, about 1.6×, about 1.7×, about 1.8×, about 1.9×, about 2×,about 2.1×, about 2.2×, about 2.3×, about 2.4×, about 2.5×, or longer,versus the existing focal length of the loupe prior to including theoptical devices of the present disclosure. As with the angulationdiscussed above, the use of the term “about” refers to a focal lengthdistance variability that accounts for the specifically listed distancein addition to the range between distance increments.

Focal length is the distance from the eyes to the work area or object.In certain embodiments, a discrepancy of small distances in designedfocal length versus how the devices are utilized (i.e., the actual usedistance) can cause eye strain to try to focus.

It is frequently preferred to select a focal length to match theactivity that is to be undertaken using the devices described herein. Assuch, related measurements to determine optimal focal length often occurin the environment where the activity is to take place. Suchmeasurements are often taken using known parameters to ensure properposture of the user relative to the work area.

The devices contemplated herein may have a distance accounting for adepth of field or working range to ensure that multidimensional workareas are in focus across the entire work area. Often, magnification hasan effect on the depth of field or working range such that largermagnifications provide for a smaller depth of field or working range.

In the devices discussed herein any of a variety of usability andpersonalized features may be included. For example, the line of sightangulation is often customizable on the fly or when the device isremoved. For example, fine angulation correction or modification isoften provided such that when the optical device is used, the line ofsight angulation (e.g., downward angulation relative to a horizontaloptical path) may be changeable by the user within an oftenpredetermined range, e.g., 0.1-45 degrees or across a 20-90 degreerange, or a 35-90 degree range, or a 45-90 degree range, or a 45-100degree range, or a 50-80 degree range. A variety of mechanisms are usedfor customization, including ratcheting mechanisms, friction basedrotation, flexible fittings, screw fittings, bolts, clamp-fittings, etc.In certain embodiments, a flexible or rigid light pipe is provided.Often, though it is not required in certain embodiments, an easy to usemechanism is provided to permit angulation customization such as a dial,handle, or similar device. Another frequent feature is a light such asan LED to provide an optimal viewing environment. Contemplated lightsare often center-mounted or mounted on or near the outside of the frameholding the device. In certain embodiments, light is provided throughthe same pathway as the optical pathway of the user such that lightpasses through the optical system of the device.

As the ergonomic optical loups are intended to be worn on the head of auser, small size and/or light weight are important. Plastic opticalelements are often preferred to reduce weight, though glass elements mayalso be used. Overall, optimal visual acuity is maintained through theuse of plastic and/or glass optical elements. The device is oftenadapted to account for any additional weight or leverage caused by theline of sight angulation elements such that it is weighted to sit evenlyon the user's head.

The vision redirection angulation may be variable along angle “R,”between different redirection positions (19, 20). Angle “R” is variableand is represented as a straight line, but “R” refers to the anglecreated between redirection positions (19, 20). Though redirection in a90 degree angle (20) and another angle (19) is depicted, the visionredirection may vary over a larger range as discussed herein (e.g.,greater than 0 degrees to about 180 degrees) while the user maintains anergonomic position with eyes facing directly forward from the head ofthe user (e.g., a horizontal optical path or an eyes-centered position).

FIG. 2 provides a basic diagrammatic representation of an exemplaryoptical device (17) of the present disclosure. Such a device has a frame(18) for supporting the various features of the device. While the framemay be arranged similar to a pair of spectacles, it may be provided in avariety of formats such as a spectacle frame, visor, helmet, hat,goggles, or other format. Attached to the frame (18) is the imagingextension (12). The imaging extension (12) extends forward of the framein a position that provides an enhanced viewing angle of the work area.Distance “D” is depicted as representative of the cantileveredpositioning distance of the imaging modality 11 from the front of theframe 18. Distance D may be variable (via automated or manualpositioning of imaging modality 11) or static. As part of the imagingextension (12) a connection (14) and a support (13) are provided toattach the imaging modality (11) to the frame (18). The imaging modality(11) is cantilevered from the device on the imaging extension (12). Theimaging modality (11) is most frequently, therefore, referred to hereinas a cantilevered imaging modality or cantilevered camera. Theconnection (14) may be rigid or manipulatable, referring to whether itprovides the capability to move or adjust the support (13) and/orimaging modality (11) in one or more directions. If the connection (14)is of the manipulatable variety, it is often provided such that thesupport (14) can be adjusted vertically and/or horizontally. The support(14) can also be provided in rigid or extendable forms, e.g., alongdistance “D”. In an extendable form, the support (14) can be adjusted tobe shorter or longer to bring the imaging modality (11) closer to theframe (18) or user or to extend the imaging modality (11) further fromthe frame (18) or user. The imaging modality (11) is optionally movablealong support (13) along distance “D.” In certain embodiments, there isno obvious or mechanical distinction between the connection (14) and thesupport (13) such that the support (13) is extendable or rigid, and/oris rigid or adjustable in the vertical and/or horizontal planes withouta separate connection (14). Support (13) can be extendable through anyvariety of adaptations, alternatively, imaging modality (11) may bemovably mounted on support to slide or move between, or attach at,different positions of support (13). The imaging modality (11) in thepresent embodiment includes an imaging surface (10) and a light sourcesurface (15) including a light source (24, FIG. 4A) such as an LED.

As depicted in FIG. 2, the imaging modality (11) is a downward facing,or work area facing, imaging modality (11). A prism, for example, is notutilized to re-orient a horizontal-facing camera in the most frequentembodiments. Rather, the lens of an imaging modality is most frequentlyphysically-oriented in a downward manner. Moreover, the imaging modality(11) is extended or cantilevered in front of the user to aid inproviding an optimal view of the work area while the user is able toassume an ergonomically-correct posture. In the most frequentembodiments, the camera is the imaging modality (11) and it is orientedsuch that it faces downward from a horizontal plane, in a differentdirection than the direction of the user's sight direction. Stateddifferently, most frequently, the camera is oriented such that it facesa different direction than the view directly from the eyes of the user.For example, where the user is looking horizontal, the camera is facingdownward toward a work area such as the mouth of a patient, or asurgical area.

The imaging surface (10) and/or light source surface (15) can beoriented facing downward, angled, or horizontal, for example as depictedin FIGS. 2, 3, 4B, and 5. In general, the path of light emitted from thelight source (207) is parallel or coaxial with the imaging path suchthat light from the light source strikes and illuminates the imaged workarea. The imaging modality (11) may also be mounted on the support in afixed or adjustable manner, for example, to adjust imaging toward or ona work area.

As also depicted in FIG. 2, the frame (18) includes lenses having outer(21) and inner (16) surfaces. The display (dotted lines in item 21) isembedded within the lens, attached to the lens, or suspended near theinner (16) surface of the lens. In certain embodiments the display isinner (16) surface of the lens. As is depicted, inner surface (16) ofthe lens is a centered display; this display is viewable by the userwhen wearing the device via a horizontal optical path. The outer (21)surface of the lens often comprises a smart glass technology, as furtherdescribed herein, to provide manipulatable clear viewing or light entryor opacity, shading, or light blockage to the eyes of the user. Incertain embodiments, a shade may be attached over the outer (21) surfaceof the lens to limit light entry to the eyes of the user. When smartglass technology is utilized, it is often provided in laminate form orthe smart glass forms at least a portion of the lens material.

FIG. 3 provides another depiction of an exemplary optical device. Inthis device, the imaging modality (11) has an imaging surface (10) thatis angled forward to provide a more forward angle for imaging a workarea. Though it is not specifically depicted in this view, such anembodiment generally includes a light source as well. Distance “D” isdepicted as representative of the cantilevered positioning distance ofthe imaging modality 11 from the front of the frame 18. Distance D maybe variable (via automated or manual positioning of imaging modality 11)or static.

As depicted in FIGS. 2 and 3, the optical path redirection can bevaried, for example along angle “R,” between different redirectionpositions (73, 74). An exemplary horizontal optical path (dotted line20) is provided in FIGS. 2 and 3 for reference purposes. The embodimentsrepresented by the Figures are represented as a pair of spectacles forexemplary purposes only. Such embodiments can be provided in differentuser-wearable formats and orientations, and may also be provided withany of the variety of optical device features contemplated herein.

FIG. 4A depicts the underside of the imaging extension (12) of FIG. 2. Acamera (208), such as an HD camera or other cameras described herein, isprovided within the imaging surface (10). The camera is provided in datacommunication with an imaging system also contemplated herein, often viawireless data connection (e.g., WPAN/Bluetooth, Coexistence, High RateWPAN, Low Rate WPAN, mesh Networking, Body Area Networks, WiFi, WiMax,other wireless networks, Visible Light Communication, etc.), thoughcorded connection is also contemplated. The imaging modality (11) alsoincludes a light source surface (15) containing a light source (207)such as an LED. The light source (207) illuminates at least a portion ofthe work area. Though a single light source (207) is depicted, multiplelight sources may be provided. Multiple light sources may be the sametype of light source or different types of light sources to provideadded functionality such as imaging dyes or markers, curing resins,viewing types of dental or oral features or defects, among otherfunctions. The light source (207) most frequently is powered by adedicated power source such as a battery and is wireless. In otherembodiments, the light source (207) and the imaging modality (11) arepowered by the same power source. In either implementation, the powersource is generally on-board the device and not provided in a cordedmanner such that the cord is visible, appended to a belt-securedbattery, or separate from the device.

FIGS. 4B and 5 provide additional views of alternative imagingextensions (12). Though they are not specifically depicted in theseviews, such embodiments generally include light sources as well.Distance “D” is depicted as representative of the cantileveredpositioning distance of the imaging modality 11 from the front of theframe 18. Distance D may be variable (via automated or manualpositioning of imaging modality 11) for example along the directions ofarrow “T,” or static.

FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 depict front and rear views of an exemplary opticaldevice (17), including the features described herein. FIG. 7 depictsoptional exemplary placement locations of an imaging extension (12) onthe device. An imaging extension (12) may be placed at any one or moreof the depicted locations, or other locations, on the optical device(17) with the provision that it extends forward of the device to providefor the ergonomic benefits of the device (17) as described herein.Multiple imaging extensions may be included on an exemplary device (17).Often, when multiple imaging extensions are provided, the imagingmodalities (e.g., cameras) that are utilized are directed in different,but often overlapping directions. In such embodiments, the imaginghardware, firmware, or software blends the images of the multipleimaging modalities such that the user views a single blended imageobtained from multiple imaging modalities. Also, in certain embodiments,each of the multiple imaging modalities provides a different image(e.g., different directions or magnifications) that can be toggledthrough by the user. As in other embodiments, the distance ofpositioning of the imaging modality on one or more of the multipleimaging extensions may be variable or static.

FIG. 8 depicts an alternative cantilevered arrangement of the imagingmodality (11). In this embodiment, two supports (13) are provided toposition the imaging modality (11). The supports in this embodiment maybe independently extendable along axis “T,” or the imaging modality (11)may be positioned along the length of either or both supports (13).Distance “D” is depicted as representative of the cantileveredpositioning distance of the imaging modality 11 from the front of theframe 18. Distance D may be variable (via automated or manualpositioning of imaging modality 11) for example along the directions ofarrow “T,” or static. Supports 13 (and optionally imaging modality 11;see embodiment of FIG. 9) are often partially or fully retractablewithin or relative to frame 18.

FIG. 9 depicts another exemplary embodiment of a portion of an imagingextension 12 contemplated herein viewed from below. An arrow is providedthat indicates the direction where the support 13 would be attached to aframe of an exemplary device of the present disclosure. Support 13includes an imaging modality 11, having a camera 33 and one or morelight source 34. Though only a single light source is numbered,additional (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.) light sources are depictedwith additional similarly appearing circles (as is the case in eachinstance of a similar light source depicted herein). More or fewer lightsources such as LEDs may be included. The light source emits a signalthat is coextensive or coaxial with the image from the camera at thework area. The imaging modality is collapsible as depicted by arrow 36,which sets forth an exemplary movement of the imaging modality. Theimaging modality 11 in such embodiments may be actuated to be extendedout of the recess in the support 13 in a use position as pictured, orcollapsed to fold into a recess formed in the support 13 in a storageposition.

FIG. 10 depicts the imaging modality 11 in a storage position, where itis folded into a recess in support 13. Support 13 is fixed or movable(e.g., in the directions of arrow 35) relative to the wearable frame(not depicted in this Figure) of the device. The support 13 may also,therefore have use and storage positions relative to the user wearableframe. In certain embodiments, the support 13 retracts partially orfully within the user wearable frame. Positioning of the imagingmodality 11 in a storage position within the support permits support 13to fully retract within the frame, or within a telescoping unit attachedto the frame. In such a manner the frame or telescoping unit can beprovided with an opening that closely mates with or envelops thecross-section profile of support 13, while still permitting fullretraction of the imaging modality as at least partially or completelyhidden within the frame or telescoping unit attached thereto when fullyretracted. While the support 13 herein is described as attached to theframe of the device, this attachment may be direct attachment orindirect attachment via, e.g., a telescoping unit attached to the framethat houses support 13. An arrow is provided that indicates thedirection where the support 13 would be attached to a frame of anexemplary device of the present disclosure. Gear 31 may be utilized torotate the imaging modality thereabout in the direction of arrow “r”located on imaging modality 11. Though arrow “r” is depicted asvertically oriented, it is intended to refer to axial rotation of theimaging modality about an axis located at or proximal to gear 31. Thegear 31 may provide axial rotation of the imaging modality within apre-determined, set, or user manipulatable angle of rotation. Movementof one or more of the various parts of the embodiment depicted in FIGS.9-10 may be provided, or each part may be statically positioned on thedevice. A slipring (or similar) in, or in connection with, gear 31 maybe provided to permit unrestricted rotation, while permitting electricalconnection of the camera 33 and light source 34 with the display(including processor, database, data transmission, etc.) and powersource of the device. Moreover, image stabilization as described hereinmay be provided.

FIG. 11 depicts another exemplary embodiment of a portion of an imagingextension 12 contemplated herein viewed from below. In this embodiment,the imaging modality 11 is positioned between two supports 13.Attachments 37 provide for attachment and optional movement in a mannerprovided by gear 31 of FIG. 9. Though arrow “r” is depicted asvertically oriented, it is intended to refer to axial rotation of theimaging modality about an axis located at or proximal to one or bothattachments 37. Each of attachments 37 may be the same type or differentand provide for fixed or rotatable positioning of the imaging modality.For example, the attachment 37 on one side may be motorized oractuatable such that it rotates the imaging modality 11 (i.e., the driveside), whereas the other attachment 37 may be passive such as a passivebearing-based attachment. In the depicted embodiment, both supports 13may be fixed or movable in the directions indicated by arrow 35. Anarrow is provided that indicates the direction where the support 13would be attached to a frame of an exemplary device of the presentdisclosure. In addition, one of the supports may be similar or identicalto that depicted in FIGS. 9 and 10, including the collapsible imagingmodality 11 and storage positioning of the imaging modality. Moreover,image stabilization as described herein may be provided.

FIG. 12 is one exemplary adaptation of the embodiment of FIG. 9, forexample as viewed from the side. The imaging modality 11 may be mountedto a support 13 at its lateral edges or centrally. The arrow “r” locatedon the imaging modality 11 depicts an exemplary rotation direction ifrotation is provided. As in other embodiments, the support 13 may befixed or movable, e.g., in the directions indicated by arrow 35.Moreover, image stabilization as described herein may be provided.

FIG. 13 depicts another exemplary embodiment of a portion of an imagingextension 12 contemplated herein viewed from the side. This embodimentincludes two gears 42 and 43 that provide rotation in oppositedirections (as depicted by arrows “r” on gear 42 and “r′” on gear 43) toprovide for angular rotation of the imaging modality 11 in up to about360° in either direction provided by gear 42 or gear 43. Though arrow“r′” on gear 43 is depicted as vertically oriented, it is intended torefer to axial rotation of the imaging modality perpendicular to that ofarrow “r” of gear 42. In certain embodiments, only one or both gears areprovided. One or both gears 42, 43 may be provided with a slipring (orsimilar) to permit appropriate electrical connections. Stabilization ofan image (e.g., as described herein) may be provided through actuationof one or both gears to keep the camera trained on a work area orspecific area or region thereof. Such stabilization or training of animage or image fee may be programmed in by the user or built into theimaging software or hardware. As such, stabilization may be automated ormanually actuated. As in other embodiments, the support 13 may be fixedor movable, e.g., in the directions indicated by arrow 35. Moreover,image stabilization as described herein may be provided.

FIG. 14 depicts another exemplary embodiment of a portion of an imagingextension 12 contemplated herein viewed from the side. This embodimentincludes two gears 42 and 43 that provide rotation in oppositedirections (as depicted by arrows “r” on gear 42 and “r′” on gear 43) toprovide for angular rotation of the imaging modality 11 in up to about360° in either direction provided by gear 42 or gear 43. Though arrow“r′” on gear 43 is depicted as vertically oriented, it is intended torefer to axial rotation of the imaging modality perpendicular to that ofarrow “r” of gear 42. FIG. 14 is similar to FIG. 13, but gears 42, 43and imaging modality 11 is provided on cart 50 positioned on a track 51in the support 13. Cart 50 provides for movement of the imaging modalityalong track 51 on at least a portion of the length of the support 13,e.g., in the directions indicated by arrow 38. Movable engagement viagear/cog or tractor tread-like engagement (not depicted; or similarmoveable engagement) of the cart 50 may be provided with the support 13.Alternatively, cart 50 may be movably engaged with the support viamagnetic actuation, an internally telescoping portion within support 13and attached to cart 50, manual positioning (including fixablepositioning), racheting, piezoelectric actuation, or other manners ofmovement and movable engagement known in the art. As with any embodimentprovided herein that contemplates movement of the support of imagingmodality movably attached to the support, manual positioning may beprovided. Manual positioning may be provided such that the user canmanually manipulate the location of cart 50 and/or the movably engagedimaging modality at multiple points along support 13. A switch, button,or knob (not pictured) may be actuated by the user to release the cartand permit its movement along support 13, then then released or actuatedto cause the cart to be restrained in one or more different positions onsupport 13. Alternatively, the cart 50 or imaging modality 11 may beremoved and replaced at one or more different locations along support13. The cart 50 or imaging modality 11, in such manual operations mayalternate between free movement along the support (or release from thesupport 13) in a mobilizable state, and attachment to the support 13 ina fixed state. The fixed state may be mechanical or magnetic attachmentand provides it so that the imaging modality 11 remains in the fixedposition while the device is in use. Certain embodiments permit manualmanipulation and placement of the cart 50 and/or imaging modality 11,followed by or preceded by automated movement of the cart 50 and/orimaging modality 11. As in other embodiments, the support 13 may befixed or movable. Moreover, image stabilization as described herein maybe provided. While cart 50 is described herein at supporting imagingmodality 11, this cart 50 is utilized as a manner of providing movableengagement of the imaging modality 11 with support 13 and is notintended to be limited to any particular iteration or manner of physicalarrangement, movement, or placement.

FIG. 15 depicts another exemplary embodiment of a portion of an imagingextension 12 contemplated herein viewed from the side. This embodimentis similar to that of FIG. 14, except cart 50 is not present. Rather,imaging modality 11 moves along the support using a gear (not depicted)engaged with track 51 in support 13. As in other embodiments, thesupport 13 may be fixed or movable. Moreover, image stabilization asdescribed herein may be provided.

FIG. 16 depicts another exemplary embodiment of a portion of an imagingextension 12 contemplated herein viewed from the side. This embodimentincludes two gears 60 and 61 that provide rotation in oppositedirections (as depicted by arrows “r” on gear 60 and “r′” on gear 61) toprovide for angular rotation of the imaging modality 11 in up to about360° in either direction provided by gear 60 or gear 61. Though arrow“r′” on gear 61 is depicted as vertically oriented, it is intended torefer to axial rotation of the imaging modality perpendicular to that ofarrow “r” of gear 60. Distance “D” is depicted as representative of thecantilevered positioning distance of the imaging modality 11 from thefront of the frame 18. Distance “D′” is depicted as representative ofthe distance positioning that is available for placement of the imagingmodality 11 along support 13 in from the front of the frame 18. As isindicated, imaging modality in this depiction could be moved eithercloser to or further away from the frame 18 using cart 50 in thedirections indicated by arrow 38. Distance D or D′ may be variable (viaautomated or manual positioning of imaging modality 11) or static. Thisembodiment is similar to that of FIG. 14 with an adaptation of theimaging modality to provide for automatic vertical stabilization of thecamera through weighted balance rods (63). Weighted balance rods 63 (orsimilar) may be provided as depicted, and may or may not includeadditional weights 65 since the rods themselves may be weighted.Alternatively, weighted balance rods 63 are not included and the housingor other aspect of the imaging modality 11 may be weighted to providefor vertical orientation of the camera. In certain embodiments, a lenshaving a relatively heavy weight may be utilized at the tip or end ofthe camera that will provide for the plum-bob-like vertical positioningof the image modality. In this embodiment, while gears 60 and 61 may bemovement actuated (automated), they may also be passive or neutral (orprovided with the capability for both automated or passive movement)such that they rotate as compelled by weighted rods 63 or weighing inthe housing or other aspect of the imaging modality 11 to orient thecamera in a pre-determined direction such as vertically relative to thesupport 13. Mechanical stabilization such as this permits the user tomake small positions in posture (neck, back, head, etc.) whilemaintaining a clear view of a work area. Automated image stabilizationalong with mechanical stabilization may be provided. As in otherembodiments, the support 13 may be fixed or movable.

FIG. 17A depicts the underside of an imaging modality 11. Housing 64 ofimaging modality may be weighted or include weighted rods (notdepicted). A camera 33 and light source 34 are depicted. One or morelight sources 34 may be included. FIG. 17B depicts the underside ofanother embodiment of an imaging modality 11. Housing 64 of imagingmodality may be weighted or include weighted rods (not depicted).Multiple cameras 33 and light sources 34 are depicted. One or more lightsources 34 may be included. Multiple cameras 33 in such embodimentsoptionally provide for a binocular view of a work area to enhance theobtained image. In such an embodiment, image processing is provided suchthat the image of both cameras is blended into a single image.Alternatively, the image from each camera 33 is displayed in separatedisplays for each eye of the user.

FIG. 18 depicts another exemplary embodiment of an exemplary device.FIG. 18 provides an adaptation or extension of that depicted in FIG. 8,including a wrap-around portion 70 and a power source 71. Power source71 is utilized to power the onboard electronics for the device 200,including the camera, light source, and display. Power source 71 mayinclude a swappable battery, including a hot swappable battery that canbe replaced with or without removing the device 200 from the head of theuser. Hot swapping of the power source, including a rechargeable batteryor non-rechargeable battery often occurs without stopping or shuttingdown the system/device or certain parts of the system/device. Infrequent embodiments, the device 200 is weighted such that the weight inthe front F is balanced with the weight in the back B so that the devicefeels balanced on the head of the user without excessive forward facingpressure due to the imaging extension. Though depicted at the back of auser's head, it may be alternatively positioned to equally, or moreevenly, balance the weight the device 200 from the front to the back.Positioning of the power source at the top to the back of the head ofthe user (or overall balancing of the various aspects as depicted) aidsin balancing the various aspects of the device to avoid fatigue andpressure points, and to encourage proper ergonomic posture of the user.

The following table represents various embodiments of the device orsystem contemplated herein, having different limitations for the support(i.e., imaging extension, cantilever, etc.), camera rotation, lightrotation, collapsible imaging modality, multiple supports, and/ormultiple support engagement. With any one of these embodiments, variousother aspects, features, and/or functionalities of the device ascontemplated herein may be incorporated as well. For example, thesupport or imaging extension may be fully retractable and/or removablefrom attachment or integration with the frame of the optical device orsystem in certain frequent embodiments noted herein and below.

Camera and/or Cart/ Col- Multiple or light camera lapsable SupportSupport Tracking rotation movement camera engagement Fixed AutomatedStatic Fixed No No Fixed Weighted Static Fixed No No Fixed None StaticFixed No No Movable Automated Static Fixed No No Movable Weighted StaticFixed No No Movable None Static Fixed No No Fixed Automated MovableFixed No No Fixed Weighted Movable Fixed No No Fixed None Movable FixedNo No Movable Automated Movable Fixed No No Movable Weighted MovableFixed No No Movable None Movable Fixed No No Fixed Automated MovableMovable No No Fixed Weighted Movable Movable No No Fixed None MovableMovable No No Movable Automated Movable Movable No No Movable WeightedMovable Movable No No Movable None Movable Movable No No Fixed AutomatedStatic Movable No No Fixed Weighted Static Movable No No Fixed NoneStatic Movable No No Movable Automated Static Movable No No MovableWeighted Static Movable No No Movable None Static Movable No No FixedAutomated Static Fixed Yes No Fixed Weighted Static Fixed Yes No FixedNone Static Fixed Yes No Movable Automated Static Fixed Yes No MovableWeighted Static Fixed Yes No Movable None Static Fixed Yes No FixedAutomated Movable Fixed Yes No Fixed Weighted Movable Fixed Yes No FixedNone Movable Fixed Yes No Movable Automated Movable Fixed Yes No MovableWeighted Movable Fixed Yes No Movable None Movable Fixed Yes No FixedAutomated Movable Movable Yes No Fixed Weighted Movable Movable Yes NoFixed None Movable Movable Yes No Movable Automated Movable Movable YesNo Movable Weighted Movable Movable Yes No Movable None Movable MovableYes No Fixed Automated Static Movable Yes No Fixed Weighted StaticMovable Yes No Fixed None Static Movable Yes No Movable Automated StaticMovable Yes No Movable Weighted Static Movable Yes No Movable NoneStatic Movable Yes No Fixed Automated Static Fixed Yes Yes FixedWeighted Static Fixed Yes Yes Fixed None Static Fixed Yes Yes MovableAutomated Static Fixed Yes Yes Movable Weighted Static Fixed Yes YesMovable None Static Fixed Yes Yes Fixed Automated Movable Fixed Yes YesFixed Weighted Movable Fixed Yes Yes Fixed None Movable Fixed Yes YesMovable Automated Movable Fixed Yes Yes Movable Weighted Movable FixedYes Yes Movable None Movable Fixed Yes Yes Fixed Automated MovableMovable Yes Yes Fixed Weighted Movable Movable Yes Yes Fixed NoneMovable Movable Yes Yes Movable Automated Movable Movable Yes YesMovable Weighted Movable Movable Yes Yes Movable None Movable MovableYes Yes Fixed Automated Static Movable Yes Yes Fixed Weighted StaticMovable Yes Yes Fixed None Static Movable Yes Yes Movable AutomatedStatic Movable Yes Yes Movable Weighted Static Movable Yes Yes MovableNone Static Movable Yes Yes Fixed Automated Static Fixed No Yes FixedWeighted Static Fixed No Yes Fixed None Static Fixed No Yes MovableAutomated Static Fixed No Yes Movable Weighted Static Fixed No YesMovable None Static Fixed No Yes Fixed Automated Movable Fixed No YesFixed Weighted Movable Fixed No Yes Fixed None Movable Fixed No YesMovable Automated Movable Fixed No Yes Movable Weighted Movable Fixed NoYes Movable None Movable Fixed No Yes Fixed Automated Movable Movable NoYes Fixed Weighted Movable Movable No Yes Fixed None Movable Movable NoYes Movable Automated Movable Movable No Yes Movable Weighted MovableMovable No Yes Movable None Movable Movable No Yes Fixed AutomatedStatic Movable No Yes Fixed Weighted Static Movable No Yes Fixed NoneStatic Movable No Yes Movable Automated Static Movable No Yes MovableWeighted Static Movable No Yes Movable None Static Movable No Yes

In certain embodiments the image provided by the imaging modality mayneed to be rotated or flipped if desired, for example, to match the vieworientation of the work area that would be obtained through nakedeyesight. For example, the optics in the camera may flip an image 180°,thus providing the opportunity to rotate that image optically orelectronically so that it appears “upright” in the display viewed by theuser.

While a generally linear and horizontal orientation of any particularsupport 13 is provided herein, that is for ease of reference anddepiction only and therefore, unless specifically indicated,non-limiting. A variety of other physical orientations of the supportmay be provided, for example support 30 may be curved or sloping,angular, otherwise non-linear, and/or may attach to the device or systemat any portion, in front on top, at the side, or in the back of the headof the user, including embodiments (such as an undersloping embodiment)where the imaging modality is positioned vertically lower versus theeyes of the user when the user is seated upright in an ergonomicallycorrect position. Supports 13 contemplated herein, however, are limitedin that they are attached (direct or indirect) to a device worn by auser, and provide for the horizontal plane positioning or orientation ofan imaging modality at a distance “D” or within a distance “D′” from(e.g., in front of) a user or the attached device worn thereby.

Although support 13 is often depicted herein as fixedly attached to theframe of the wearable devices contemplated herein, it is not intended tobe limited to such attachments. In particular, the support may bevertically and/or horizontally adjustable (without regard to distance“D”) while attached to the frame. Moreover, in frequent embodimentsprovided herein the support may be removable from the frame and replacedwith a different support or attached to a different frame. As such, asupport alone, or an imaging extension including the support and imagingmodality, contemplated herein may be removable and attached to a headgear frame worn by a user such that the user may utilize a singlehead-worn frame with multiple removable imaging extensions. This iscontemplated, for example, when different functionalities are desiredfrom the different attached or attachable imaging extensions. Moreover,this permits the user to have a customized fit for the head wearableframe or a personalized frame that can be transported anywhere andutilized with borrowed, loaner, or replacement imaging extensionequipment and/or imaging modalities. Imaging modality servicing andupgrades are simplified without removing the device from use when suchfunctionality is provided. Moreover, permitting the removal of theimaging extension provides for ease of cleaning of either the frame orthe imaging extension, which is especially important when used in amedical setting such as a dental office or surgical suite. The frame,for instance, can include shielding such that it bears the majorexposure to possible biologic contamination and would benefit more frommore rigorous sanitary and sterilization measures. This permits morerigorous cleaning of the device and such shielding without exposing thecamera optics to such cleaning measures. Moreover, as there are a widevariety of head shapes and sizes, permitting customized fitting of theframe and replacement of imaging extensions will provide for a singlefitting and a prolonged lifetime of custom-fitted use of that frame,together with the latest advances in display and/or imaging modalitytechnology that can be attached to and removed from the frame.

The present devices provide a view of a work area not possible withexisting wearable devices. This permits control of the view provided tothe user in a real-time, unrestricted and uninterrupted manner notpreviously possible. Moreover, the present devices address the massiveand longstanding ergonomic problem in a manner that does not create moreor additional ergonomic issues, and also provide comfortable andadjustable viewing experience and quality not previously possible.

In general, devices of the present disclosure are provided orimplemented in a manner that is compliant with all Federal Regulatorylaws and rules as medical devices (e.g., HIPPA compliant, FDA compliant,Health Ministry compliant, etc.). For example, the present devices areimplemented to ensure safe use for the user and patient or subject,including protection of the health (e.g., eyes, skin, mucosa, etc.) ofthe patient.

In certain frequent embodiments, a device described herein includes oneor more of a variety of imaging modality options. In certainembodiments, a camera (often an HD camera, camera capable of capturingdigital images, or other imaging device—together referred to herein as a“camera”) is the imaging modality option and is focused through the lineof sight. This camera, for example, is capable of taking still images orvideo capture. Generally, cameras contemplated herein provide forelectronic image capture and are often operably linked with firmwareand/or software with an application that permits electronicmagnification of captured images. Such cameras are also often operablylinked with a database or storage medium that permits storage ofselected images, series of images and/or videos captured with thecamera. The term “image” or “images” as it refers to informationcaptured by cameras described and contemplated herein is, unlessspecifically indicated otherwise, intended to include still-capture andvideo-capture.

Cameras contemplated for use in the devices described herein are compactor miniature, such as the size of an HD camera resident on a mobiledevice such as a smart phone, tablet, or laptop. Often, the camera iscapable of capturing 8 MP, 12 MP, 16 MP, 16.3 MP, or more detailedpictures. Also often, the camera is capable of capturing 720i, 720p,1080i, 1080p, or 4K video captures. In certain embodiments, the camerais capable of capturing up to about 20 MP, 30 MP, 40 MP, or 50 MPimages. In certain frequent embodiments, the camera is a 180° camera,capable of viewing up to 180° and zooming in within discreet areas ofthe viewing area. In certain other embodiments, the camera is a 360°camera, capable of viewing up to 360° and zooming in within discreetareas of the viewing area. Often, in such embodiments, the user canselect a portion or region of the 90°-180°, or 180°-360°, view to focuson or to magnify, often via digital magnification. Occasionally, in suchembodiments the display may be provided in a manner that does not permitthe user to view through the display, though see through displays may befrequently employed.

The operation of the camera in such embodiments often involves line ofsight angulation and magnification as described herein. Alternatively,the camera can be provided in an angle that does not require line ofsight angulation, but permits the user to assume an ergonomicallycorrect or appropriate posture when viewing a work area. According tothe present disclosure, the camera is often adapted to have apre-determined or adjustable focal length. Also, the camera is oftenadapted to provide a magnification capability (as discussed elsewhereherein) such that images viewed through the camera are at least asmagnified as if they were viewed through the devices described herein.Enhanced magnification is also often employed, to provide magnificationlevels beyond that which are typically utilized in an optical loupe. Incertain frequent embodiments, detailed images are provided using digitalimaging at the same magnification and quality as an intraoral camera oran extra oral camera.

The focal length is provided or adjustable in a manner that permits orrequires the user to assume a predetermined vertical and horizontaldistance from a known work area, and which predetermined vertical andhorizontal distance from the known work area correlates with anergonomically correct or appropriate posture for the user. Thiscorrelation, for example, refers to if the device is worn on the head ofthe user, proper viewing of the work are is only provided if the userassumes a predetermined ergonomic position.

In certain embodiments, the imaging modality option is provided with anadjustable focal length such that the camera can provided focused imagesof a work area if the focal length varies within a pre-defined distance.Such embodiments provide an important utility such that a desired focallength need not be built into the device, but rather is provided in anadjustable manner. In related embodiments, the angulation of the cameraor vision through the camera, and/or the corresponding focal length,is/are adjustable to permit the user to assume multiple different (anddesirably ergonomically correct) positions relative to a work area. Thisadjustment may be automatic or manual. Manual adjustment is oftenaccomplished through manual adjustment of a direction of a camera oroptical device such as a prism or mirror.

Automatic adjustment may be accomplished through, for example, the useof a tracking algorithm, software, or firmware that centers the line ofsight regardless of the movement of the device or user wearing thedevice. Fiducials identifiable by the device or its operating code maybe utilized to identify a portion, or boundaries, of a work area in thecase of automated tracking to delineate a specific area for the camerato focus. In certain embodiments, the camera or tracking algorithm,software, or firmware controlling the camera is adapted with facialrecognition capability such that the camera can recognize the locationof a work area such as a mouth or other operation site of a subject. Inthe case of a medical procedure, anatomic reference points may beutilized to establish a specific area for the camera to focus, forexample via automated tracking. Visual cues specific to the work area(e.g., page boundaries, surgical tools or equipment, dyes, colors,natural or synthetic patterns, bar codes, facial features, etc.),depending on the task or purpose for viewing the work area, will oftenbe utilized to establish a specific area for the camera to focus, forexample via automated tracking. In practice, though it may remainactive, alternatively automated tracking may be utilized to permit theuser to assume an ergonomically correct position to establish an optimalline of sight, and thereafter automated tracking may be turned off tolock the line of sight for the device in an optimal ergonomicallycorrect position. Automated tracking may be activated or turned off byany of a variety known mechanical or electronic adaptations controllableby a user. Tracking such as automated tracking may also be provided in atimed manner such that once activated, it will automatically end uponthe expiration of a predetermined time period to lock the line of sightafter automated tracking ends.

The camera is often provided with auto-focus capability. Preferably, theauto focus capability permits fine focusing within small distances alongthe focal length to provide sharp images. For example, the camera iscapable of auto focusing at any point along an exemplary focal length ofbetween about 18 inches to about 48 inches. In certain embodiments, thefocal length is between about 12 inches to about 60 inches. Mostembodiments employ a localized focal length, but in certain embodiments(often in the media, entertainment, military, and hobbyist arenas) longrange or telescopic focal lengths may often be desired. Often, such autofocus is fine auto focusing. Auto focus capabilities may be provided,for example, through known methodologies, such as those provided withMEMS capabilities in U.S. Patent App. Pub. Nos. 20140184890,20140184881, and 20140184899.

In certain embodiments automated tracking is not utilized and theangulation and/or focal length is manually adjusted by the user.Magnification strength is often also provided in a manner that isadjustable by the user through any of a variety of mechanisms, includingfoot or hand operated mechanisms. In certain embodiments, control overone or more functions of the camera such as magnification strength,focal length, angulation, etc., is/are controlled using a hand-helddevice such as a dentist mirror or probe held by the user. In certainfrequent embodiments, such controls are provided through voice commandsor prompts.

In certain embodiments, when voice-control is provided over any or allfunctionality of the devices described herein, a microphone orvoice/sound-recognition modality is included to ensure the deviceresponds to appropriate prompts. For example, a microphone in certainembodiments is attached to the device and positioned, or movable to,within close proximity of the mouth of the user. In certain embodiments,the microphone is built into the housing of the device. Also in certainembodiments, the microphone is connected with the device controls oroperating system via wireless connection (e.g., WPAN/Bluetooth,Coexistence, High Rate WPAN, Low Rate WPAN, mesh Networking, Body AreaNetworks, WiFi, WiMax, other wireless networks, Visible LightCommunication, etc.).

As noted, the present device is operable with the same or similarfunctionality as an intraoral camera. Optical and/or digital zoomtechnologies coupled with dental office data connectivity often providesuch functionality. While the present device is not intended to beinserted within the mouth of a subject, similar or equivalent images toan intraoral camera, which are well-known in the dental arts, arecapable of being obtained. For example, in certain embodiments indirectimages are captured of a work area. The present device providesmagnification levels equivalent with that of present intraoral cameras.Indirect images may be obtained, for example, by imaging a work areareflected from a mirror such as a surgical, dental, or dentist's mirror.In such embodiments, an image of the work area is captured by focusingthe camera on the mirror that is reflecting an image of the work area.As also noted, the present device is operable with the same or similarfunctionality as an extra oral camera. Optical and/or digital zoomtechnologies coupled with dental office data connectivity often providesuch functionality. In most embodiments, the device can be equipped withon-board or connected touchpad or on-board swipe-pad control.

The camera is generally provided in data connectivity with imagingsoftware. For example, in certain embodiments the camera is integratedwith an imaging software systems similar to, or such as, DEXIS,Eaglesoft, XDR, Apteryx, MiPACS, Tiger View, MacPractice, Carestream,Prof Suni, VixWin, Kodak, Romexis, and/or Schick. In other embodiments,the camera is integrated with another imaging software program. Imagingfor general dentistry, orthodontics, Caries detection, cosmetic work,oral and maxillofacial surgery, among other purposes is contemplated.Imaging software is often utilized to aid diagnosis, obtain procedureapproval, educate patients, educate students, design treatmentprotocols, guide treatment, validate protocols, develop new modalities,etc. In general, a computer system necessary to process imageinformation comprises is included comprising, for example, a CPU,Network Interface, display device, high speed display device I/F board,Input device I/F, GPU, Media Reader, Memory, Component, Hard drive I/Fand Hard Drive, High performance cooling unit, Wireless or Network I/F,Bundled Software, and operating system.

In certain embodiments, image processing and display can be done on awork station or tablet processor (with 2D or 3D capability) withappropriate specifications. Exemplary specifications often include aHigh Resolution (Touch) Screen with Naked Eye or glasses enhanced 3D,Dual Core Cortex, Wi-Fi, Android or iOS OS, 1 GB RAM or greater, and atleast 8 GB Internal Memory. With 3D engine chips, 3D image intertwineddecoding and a switchable parallax barrier LCD screen can be provided toachieve the 3D stereoscopic video without glasses, supporting theexemplary video formats, 2D Video: MPEG 1/2/4, H.264, MJPEG, VC1, WMV,Real Video format video, 1080P resolution, 4K resolution, Photo formatscan be supported with, for example: BMP, JPG, JPEG and other knownformats; 3D Images can be supported with, for example: MPO-3D imageformat.

In certain embodiments, the software environment bundle often includesan operating system (OS), 2D or 3D custom proprietary display drivers,2D or 3D camera, 2D or 3D multiplexed video player, 2D or 3D processorgraphical user interface (GUI) menu driven control system, (dual)Universal Serial Bus (USB-2.0-3.0) input line 2D or 3D, single USB inputstereo pair (USB 2.0-3.0) line 2D or 3D, Direct or Open GL CADvisualization line 2D or 3D, web conferencing 2D or 3D, CADvisualization 2D or 3D, 3D CAD file format converter, 2D or 3Dstereoscopic raw uncompressed alternating, 2D or 3D stereoscopic rawuncompressed over and under switchable format, 2D or 3D stereoscopic rawuncompressed side-by-side switchable format, bundled softwareexecutable's are often preinstalled, and 2D or 3D dual cameramultiplexed wire or wireless channel.

As indicated, in the most frequent embodiments, the device is worn by auser as would be a pair of spectacles. Alternatively, the display isprovided in a visor portion. The display is presented in front of theeyes of the user as would be the lenses of such spectacles. The imagedisplayed, for example, inside or adjacent to the lens or frame of thespectacles. Stereo displays and a mono displays are contemplated.Displays contemplated herein are therefore near-view displays. Near-viewdisplays contemplated herein provide, for example, equivalent visualacuity in images displayed close to the eyes as they would be if viewedfrom a slight distance. An exemplary display technologies are provided,for example, in PCT Publication Nos. 2015095737, 2015048911; U.S. PatentApp. Pub. Nos. 20150022542, 20140132484, 20130235331, 2013044042,US20120235887, US20120119978, the contents of each of which areincorporated by reference. Further examples of screen types are providedelsewhere herein. In other embodiments, a screen such as an LCD screen,plasma, prism-reflective, or projector screen may be provided adjacentto, as part of, or forming, the display. The wearable device is providedwith a display for images captured by an on-board camera. This displayis, in the most frequent embodiments, a see-through display such thatthe user can see through the display when it is not actuated or promptedto display images captured by the on-board camera or images fed fromanother source. When the display is prompted to display images from thecamera the user views the images instead of, or in addition to, beingable to see through the display. Often images are provided on a viewingarea of the display.

In certain frequent embodiments images are displayed or projected on adisplay that is changeable from clear to opaque. Smart glasstechnologies such as electrochromic smart glass, photochromic smartglass, suspended particle smart glass, liquid crystal smart glass (e.g.,polymer dispersed liquid crystal), nano smart glass, etc., devicetechnologies are contemplated. The smart glass technologies are embeddedin a portion of the display or provided in a film applied to thedisplay. Electrochromic device technology, for example, typicallycomprises a multilayer stack including an electrochromic material, anion conductor to permit ions to move in and out of the electrochromicmaterial to cause the optical property change, and transparent conductorlayers (e.g., transparent conducting oxides), over which an electricalpotential is applied. Generally, when applied to the display, smartglass films are applied with optically clear adhesive available, forexample, from Minnesota Mining & Mfg., Saint Paul, Minn. For smart glasstechnologies requiring an electric charge or signal to switch from clearto opaque, or vice versa, power to impart the electric signal (e.g.,electric potential or charge) is provided from a battery on the deviceor another on-board or remote power source. In the most frequentembodiments, a smart glass technology is utilized that requires a signal(e.g., electric signal, magnetic signal/force, etc.) to switch fromopaque to clear, and vice versa; but not to maintain the state of clearor opaque once either state has been achieved.

In such embodiments, the screen is frequently positioned in the line ofsight of the user as would the lenses of a pair of spectacles. When thecamera or imaging modality is not being utilized, the user can viewdirectly through the screen as if it was a clear spectacle lens. Thescreen in such embodiments is queued in a manual or automated manner totransition from transparent to opaque, and vice-versa, such that in theopaque mode, a limited amount of light is permitted through the screen.

In the opaque mode often 50% or less (e.g., less than 30%, less than20%, less than 10%, less than 5%, or 0%) of light rays are permitted topass though the screen to the eyes of the user. In certain frequentembodiments, when “opaque” the display is shaded in coloration, forexample as in a shade coloration in a pair of sunglasses. In suchembodiments, the device is often adapted to wrap around the eyes of theuser to provide light shielding from the sides, top, and bottom, inaddition to within the line of sight to provide a dark environment forthe user to view images projected or displayed on the screen. Shields orlight barriers may be utilized to wrap around the areas peripheral tothe line of sight of the user such as the top, sides, and/or bottomareas relative to the line of sight. Such shields or light barriers maybe discreet portions of the device, part of the device housing or frame,or otherwise build into the device. Such embodiments permit the user tobe able to switch between modes of using manual sight and digitalimaging. The side, bottom, and/or top shields or light barriers may beprovided with the same or similar material to the screen such that theyall transition together or separately between transparent or opaque; orone or more of the side, top, and bottom shields or barriers areprovided with opaque material that prohibits light entry. In operation,when the screen is transparent, the user can view a work area directly;and when the screen is opaque an image of the work area provided by andigital imaging option (e.g., a camera) is displayed or projected on thescreen internal to the user's eyes such that the user can view the imageon the screen in real-time, time-delayed, or fast-forward manner.

In certain embodiments, the display is movable into and out of the lineof sight of the user. In such embodiments, when the display is outsideof the line of sight of the user, the user can view the work areadirectly. And, when the display is positioned in the line of sight ofthe user, images from the camera are displayed or projected on thedisplay. In such embodiments the display may be opaque or transitionbetween transparent and opaque.

In certain embodiments, a shade is provided movably connected with thedevice. Such a shade is movable between a position that permits outsidelight to pass through to the eyes of the user, and a position thatblocks all or a portion of the outside light from the user's eyes. Forexample, the shade may cover the outside portion of the display (110) inone position and not cover the outside portion of the display (110) in asecond position. Exemplary shades may also cover peripheral portions ofthe device around the eyes of the user to limit the entrance of outsideto the user's eyes. Limiting outside light from contacting the user'seyes is often advantageous when the display is operating to enhancevisual acuity of images displayed or projected on the display.

In certain embodiments, the display is not a see-through display, butdirect vision of the user is nonetheless provided while wearing thedevice containing the display. Often, in such embodiments, an optionallyseparate or additional camera is provided in a face-forward orientation(e.g., a face-forward camera). The face-forward camera can, in certainembodiments, include a wide-angle or wide-aperture lens, or anotherlens, to mimic normal sight of the user. In operation, then the userwould like to switch from viewing the work area to direct vision, thedevice is actuated to switch from displaying images from the work areaviewing camera to displaying images from the face-forward camera.

Most frequently, a camera (preferably a high-definition camera) isfocused through a work area optical path. This camera, for example, iscapable of taking still images or video capture. The operation of thecamera in such embodiments often involves line of sight angulation andmagnification as described herein. Alternatively, the camera can be awide angle camera such as a 180 degree or 360 degree camera positionedat distance D on a support and provided in an angle that does notrequire line of sight angulation, but permits the user to assume anergonomically correct or appropriate posture when viewing a work area.In such embodiments, the camera is often adapted to have a predeterminedfocal length, which is often adjustable. Also, in such embodiments, thecamera is often adapted to provide a magnification capability such thatimages viewed through the camera are magnified in a manner desired bythe user and in the magnification ranges contemplated herein. Often, insuch embodiments, the focal length is provided in a manner that requiresthe user to assume a predetermined vertical and horizontal distance froma known work area, and which predetermined vertical and horizontaldistance from the known work area correlates with an ergonomicallycorrect or appropriate posture for the user. This correlation, forexample, refers to if the device is worn on the head of the user, properviewing of the work area is only provided if the user assumes apredetermined ergonomic position.

In digital imaging embodiments, the apparatus may be provided with aviewing area (display) for images captured by the camera. Often theviewing area (display) is a screen displaying or projecting imagescaptured by the camera. Often, the screen is worn by the user as wouldbe a pair of spectacles, with the image displayed inside or adjacent tothe lens or frame of the spectacles. Though it is acknowledged that thedevice may not appear like a traditional pair of spectacles, and mayengage with the head of the user in any number of manners to permitcomfortable wearing while the user assumes an ergonomically correctposition. In certain embodiments, the display is present in a visorportion. Frequently, a screen such as an LCD screen, plasma, orprojector screen is provided adjacent to, as part of, or forming, afront shield. For example, the image may be displayed on at least aportion of the front shield of the device. A variety of types ofdisplays are contemplated, for example, those described in U.S. PatentApp. Pub. Nos. 20130235331, 20080169998, 20100110368, 2013044042; andU.S. Pat. Nos. 6,023,372 and 8,744,113, though including adaptationsdescribed for such displays described herein.

In certain embodiments, the imaging modality provides functionality forthe user to view or detect photoactivated or chemically activatedsubstances in real-time such as a radiolabel, a fluorophore orfluorescent dye, biotin, an enzyme, a chemiluminescent compound, oranother type of detectable signal. This can be used, for example, tohelp detect carious lesions on the tooth structure to make sure thetooth has been adequately debrided. The imaging modality option alsoprovides, in certain embodiments, infrared imaging capability. Incertain embodiments, the imaging modality incorporates a fluorometer orluminometer. In such embodiments, the el imaging modality may beprovided in a manner that it can distinguish emission light withincertain wavelengths, for example emissions provided by the followingexemplary fluorescent dyes: rhodamine dyes tetramethyl-6-rhodamine, andtetrapropano-6-carboxyrhodamine, and the fluorescein dyes6-carboxyfluorescein and, each in combination with a DABCYL quencher.Other suitable dyes include, for example, 5′-hexachlorofluoresceinphosphoramidite, and2′,7′-dimethoxy-4′,5′-dichloro-6-carboxyfluorescein, BIOSEARCH BLUE®(BG5-5088), CAL FLUOR® Gold 540, CAL FLUOR® Orange 560, CAL FLUOR® Red590, CAL FLUOR® Red 610, CAL FLUOR® Red 635, PULSAR® 650, Quasar 670,Quasar 705, among others. Often, in such embodiments, the deviceincorporates a proper excitation signal source such as an LED that emitsa light signal within the excitation spectrum of the photoactivatedsubstance, in addition to appropriate filters and optics. Suchembodiments may employ a camera such as a CMOS camera (e.g., IDSUI-5490HE) or a CCD camera (e.g., Lumenera LW11059 or the Allied GE4900)to detect emission signals.

In certain embodiments, the presently described device captures andanalyzes an image in a work area in addition to and an image of one orboth eyes of a user as a manner of controlling a movement of the imagingmodality, its positioning on the cantilever, or a view of the imagecaptured by the camera. In such embodiments, movement and/or positioningof the eye or eyelid are captured or sensed through the use of a cameraor sensor to control or adapt the image viewed by the user of thedevice. In certain related embodiments, the presently described deviceis capable of executing a specific function corresponding to a gestureof an eye, or eyes, of the user based on the result of the analysis.Imaging or sensing of one or both eyes (and/or eye lids) of the useroften provides certain functionality to the present devices forcontrolling functions of the device camera (e.g., camera direction,imaging modality, or focus), display (e.g., viewing images from a cameraor another source, operation of smart glass functionality, etc.), orother data-connected connected functions contemplated herein. Eye or lidcontrol functionality of the device may be turned on or off.

For example, an eye or lid movement or position in a predetermineddirection may actuate a servo, motor, or piezo that controls thepositioning of the camera on the device. Positioning may be horizontal,vertical, angular, and/or rotational positioning. Also for example, aneye or lid movement or position in a predetermined direction may actuatea focus or magnification operation of the camera on the device or in thedisplay. Also for example, an eye or lid movement or position in apredetermined direction may actuate the horizontal position of thecamera on a cantilever or positioning of a cantilever. Also for example,an eye or lid movement or position in a predetermined direction mayactuate the operation of smart glass embedded on the device to initiateit to become more or less opaque. Also for example, an eye or lidmovement or position in a predetermined direction may capture an imageor video of the work area or transmit such images or data between thedevice and an external database, storage, imaging software, or labinformation system. Also for example, an eye or lid movement or positionin a predetermined direction may actuate voice control operations forthe device or control power operations such as turning off or setting ina standby mode to permit swapping of battery pack. Also for example, aneye or lid movement or position in a predetermined direction may actuatean external device (e.g., a dental handpiece, sensor, milling equipment,medical equipment, office operations, computer, camera, mobile device,etc.) held by, controlled by, or within view of, the user of thewearable device or another person.

In frequent embodiments, the present system is compatible with implantimaging software. Generally, such compatibility involves integrationsuch that real-time images during implantation are provided on thedisplay to the user. Implant imaging systems that provide implantimaging such as visualization of the work area and any dental toolsutilized to perform implantation, including angulation, location, andmovements thereof are similarly provided on the display. Often, suchimaging is derived from a device other than the camera on-board thedevice (e.g., external sensors or imaging modality) and images are fedto the display through an external input and provided via corded orwireless data (e.g., WPAN/Bluetooth, Coexistence, High Rate WPAN, LowRate WPAN, mesh Networking, Body Area Networks, WiFi, WiMax, otherwireless networks, Visible Light Communication, etc.) transmission.

The display also often accepts inputs that are useful for operating ormanaging a busy practice. For example, external messaging may beprovided on the display for viewing by the user while the user iswearing the device. Such external messaging is often in the form ofinternal office messaging to enhance real-time communication within theoffice. For example, the front staff can communicate with the userinformation about patients in the office or expected patients in theoffice, information about timing and workflow, information aboutinsurance and procedure approvals, or to provide messages to be relayedto others in the office including patients. A variety of other messagingoptions and capabilities are contemplated herein to provide real-timemessaging to the user, for example during a procedure, such that verbalor audible distractions are obviated, for example, to preserveconfidentiality. Such messaging functionality is also often provided insystems and devices utilized by non-medical arena users, such as usersin the telecommunications or media areas, hobbyists, or lay people.

Remotely positioned imaging modalities and data sources in opticalcommunication with the display are contemplated. The types and locationsof the remotely positioned imaging modalities is non-limiting.

Using display functionality described herein, the user can obtain imagesof a procedure or of specific aspects of a work area that are useful ornecessary to obtain approval for a medical procedure from an insurer orother approval source. The user is able to, for example, select specificimages or videos and upload them to a billing or procedure approvalsystem. As such, the presently described devices increase workflow toe-claims for insurance coverage. The device capabilities often provide aconjunctive aid in diagnosis. Such functionality aids workflow in anoffice and results in less time for procedures and the ability to seeadditional patients in a work day.

Other features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent fromthe following detailed description, and from the claims. The presentdisclosure is provided using a variety of examples provided herein. Theexamples are provided solely to illustrate by reference to specificembodiments. These exemplifications, while illustrating certain specificaspects of the disclosure, do not portray the limitations orcircumscribe the scope of the disclosure. Citation of the abovepublications or documents is not intended as an admission that any ofthe foregoing is pertinent prior art, nor does it constitute anyadmission as to the contents or date of these publications or documents.

1. A wearable optical system, comprising: a user wearable framecomprising a display that is viewable by a user via a horizontal opticalpath, wherein the user wearable frame is adapted to be worn on the headof a user; and a support attached to the user wearable frame, whereinthe support comprises an imaging modality positioned on the support at ahorizontal distance “D” from the front of the head of the user isbetween about 5 inches and 20 inches and is directed in a work areaoptical path downward relative to the horizontal optical path, andwherein the imaging modality is in optical communication with thedisplay, wherein the vision redirecting mechanism or the viewing portionmagnifies an image passed through the work area optical path, andwherein the image is provided for viewing on the display and an imagestabilization is provided for the imaging modality or the image. 2.(canceled)
 3. The wearable optical system of claim 1, wherein thesupport is removably attached to the user wearable frame.
 4. Thewearable optical system of claim 1, wherein the imaging modality iscomprised in a cart movably positioned on the support.
 5. The wearableoptical system of claim 4, wherein the cart is configured for manual orautomated movement between one or more different positions on thesupport.
 6. The wearable optical system of claim 1, wherein theelectronic image stabilization comprises optical or digital imagestabilization.
 7. (canceled)
 8. The wearable optical system of claim 1,wherein the imaging modality comprises a camera and the camera isconfigured to rotate vertically within a plane below the horizontaloptical path and/or is configured to rotate laterally relative to theplane.
 9. The wearable optical system of claim 8, wherein theconfiguration to rotate comprises automated rotation or manual rotation.10. The wearable optical system of claim 1, wherein the imaging modalityis weighted to orient the imaging modality in a predetermined verticalangle relative to the horizontal optical path.
 11. The wearable opticalsystem of claim 10, wherein the predetermined vertical angle is between85° to 95°.
 12. The wearable optical system of claim 10, wherein thepredetermined vertical angle is between 75° and 110°.
 13. The wearableoptical system of claim 1, wherein one or more functions of the systemare controlled by the movement of an eye, an eyelid, or part of an eyeof the subject.
 14. The wearable optical system of claim 1, wherein oneor more functions of the system are controlled by voice command.
 15. Thewearable optical system of claim 13, wherein the one or more functionscomprises altering an optical or a digital focus of the imaging modalityor display, movement of a focus of the imaging modality or display,movement of the imaging modality, an actuation of a light source forillumination of a work area, capture or upload of an image or video,switching an application or an active software program of the display,actuation of a smart glass feature of the system, turn the system off,actuating a voice or a touch control, sending or receiving informationor a notification to or from a remote location, initiating a powersource alteration or hot swap, movement of a cart comprising the imagingmodality on the support, movement of the support, or actuating theimaging modality to a use position or a storage position.
 16. Thewearable optical system of claim 1, wherein the imaging modality isconfigured for movement relative to the support between a use positionand a storage position.
 17. The wearable optical system of claim 16,wherein the storage position is located within a housing of the support.18. The wearable optical system of claim 1, comprising two or moresupports attached to the user wearable frame, wherein each of the two ormore supports comprises an imaging modality.
 19. The wearable opticalsystem of claim 1, comprising two or more supports attached to the userwearable frame, wherein each of the two or more supports comprises animaging modality; or wherein the imaging modality is attached betweentwo or more of the supports, and wherein the attachment of the imagingmodality between the two or more is a movable or fixed attachment,wherein each of the two or more supports is retractable relative to theuser wearable frame such that, when retracted, the distance D isdecreased or eliminated. 20-21. (canceled)
 22. The wearable opticalsystem of claim 1, wherein the support or attachment thereof to the userwearable frame is configured for positional adjustment of the supportbetween one or more different horizontally angled or vertically angledpositions. 23-59. (canceled)
 60. A wearable optical system, comprising:a user wearable frame comprising a display that is viewable by a uservia a horizontal optical path, wherein the user wearable frame isadapted to be worn on the head of a user; and a support attached to theuser wearable frame, wherein the support comprises an imaging modalitypositioned on the support at a horizontal distance “D” from the front ofthe head of the user is directed in a work area optical path downwardrelative to the horizontal optical path, and wherein the imagingmodality is in optical communication with the display, wherein thesupport is retractable relative to the user wearable frame such that,when retracted, the distance D is decreased or eliminated, wherein thevision redirecting mechanism or the viewing portion magnifies an imagepassed through the work area optical path, and wherein the image isprovided for viewing on the display and an image stabilization isprovided for the imaging modality or the image.
 61. The wearable opticaldevice of claim 60, wherein distance D is between about 4 inches toabout 15 inches, and wherein the imaging modality is configured formanual or automated movement between one or more different positions onthe support and/or the support is configured to be retractable relativeto the user wearable frame.